BICONE (Bhinneka International Conference)
The Proceedings of Bhinneka International Conference (BICONE) is a collection of scholarly works presented at the BICONE International Conference, organized by Universitas Bhinneka PGRI, Tulungagung, Indonesia. This international forum brings together academics and researchers to share insights and findings on transformational issues in education, technology, and society, particularly in the context of Society 5.0. Held in a hybrid format, the conference promotes global collaboration by allowing participation both online and onsite, while the proceedings serve as an accessible platform for disseminating impactful research to a wider academic audience.
Design of Mass Housing “Rumah Dara Gepak” as a Response To Urban Lifestyle
The rapid growth of urban areas has significantly influenced lifestyle patterns and created a demand for housing that is efficient, adaptive, and locally grounded. This study aims to develop a design concept for mass housing in the style of Rumah Dara Gepak as a response to the dynamic lifestyle of urban communities. Rumah Dara Gepak, a form of traditional Indonesian architecture, embodies simplicity of form, spatial openness, and the use of natural materials that reflect local wisdom. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach and literature review, this research analyzes the architectural elements that can be adapted to contemporary mass housing design. The findings reveal that the application of modular principles, cross-ventilation, and the functional spatial layout typical of Rumah Dara Gepak enhances thermal comfort and spatial efficiency in both vertical and horizontal housing. Furthermore, the cultural values embedded in this traditional architecture contribute to strengthening local identity amid the homogenization of urban design. Therefore, mass housing design inspired by Rumah Dara Gepak not only provides a solution to land scarcity and housing demand in urban areas but also supports the preservation of Indonesia’s architectural identity in the modern era.
Analysis of the Effect Digital Literacy on Communication Skills, Collaboration Skills, and Student Learning Outcomes in Classroom
Situation during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia has made online learning one of the main solutions for student education. Students need digital literacy to support the achievement of 21st century competencies and learning outcomes in online learning. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between digital literacy and 21st century skills, namely communication skills and collaboration skills, as well as student learning outcomes in the classroom. A structural equation model was created to clearly describe the correlation between these variables. The sample consisted of 89 students from one of the universities in Indonesia who were asked to fill out a questionnaire designed to access digital literacy, communication skills, and collaboration skills, while learning outcomes data were obtained from tests. The results show that digital literacy is positively and significantly correlated with learning outcomes, communication skills, and collaboration skills. This finding provides an explanation that the higher the digital literacy of students, the higher the communication skills, collaboration skills, and student learning outcomes. The results show that digital literacy is positively and significantly correlated with learning outcomes, communication skills, and collaboration skills. This finding provides an explanation that the higher the digital literacy of students, the higher the communication skills, collaboration skills, and student learning outcomes. The results show that digital literacy is positively and significantly correlated with learning outcomes, communication skills, and collaboration skills. This finding provides an explanation that the higher digital literacy of students, the higher communication skills, collaboration skills, and student learning outcomes.
The Efficacy of Wordwall to Enhance Seventh Grade Students’ Vocabulary Mastery at MTsT Al-Qudwah Blitar
Vocabulary is a fundamental aspect of English learning that directly influences reading comprehension and communication skills. Many students struggle with vocabulary mastery due to limited exposure, monotonous learning strategies, and low motivation. This study investigates the efficacy of Wordwall, a game-based digital platform, in enhancing the vocabulary mastery of seventh-grade students at MTsT Al-Qudwah Blitar during the academic year 2024/2025. Using a quantitative pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest, 35 students were administered vocabulary tests before and after treatments involving Wordwall activities, including Anagram, Balloon Pop, Whack-a-Mole, Group Sort, and Crossword. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25, including normality tests, homogeneity tests, and paired sample t-tests. Findings revealed a significant improvement in students’ posttest scores compared to the pretest (p < 0.05), indicating that Wordwall effectively enhances vocabulary mastery. The results suggest that interactive digital media not only increase motivation and engagement but also support long-term vocabulary retention.
Mind Mapping Strategy to Enhance Vocabulary Mastery toward EFL Students
This study investigates the effectiveness of using mind mapping to enhance vocabulary mastery among first-semester students of the English Education Department at Universitas Islam Balitar in the academic year 2025/2026. The main problem identified was that students had limited vocabulary for speaking and lacked awareness of different word usages in academic contexts. The research employed a one-group pre-test post-test design with 18 participants. The treatment was conducted in two sessions: the first focused on explanation and practice of vocabulary, and the second involved creating mind maps and a window shopping activity. Results revealed that the students’ mean vocabulary score improved from 56.1 in the pre-test to 73.7 in the post-test, representing a 31.4% increase. A paired sample t-test showed a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that mind mapping is effective in supporting vocabulary development and helping students to better understand academic English in a more structured and meaningful way.
Transforming Education: Innovative Approaches to Boost Learning Outcomes in Inclusive and Accessible Education
Inclusive and accessible education plays a pivotal role in driving social and educational change, ensuring fair learning opportunities for every student, irrespective of their background or abilities. This paper examines innovative methods for effectively implementing inclusive education systems, emphasizing the latest approaches, technologies, and teaching strategies that enhance accessibility. By reviewing empirical research, it identifies essential factors for successful integration into educational frameworks to boost learning outcomes. The goal is to present a comprehensive model for institutions to adopt, focusing on inclusivity as a fundamental element of educational excellence and long-term sustainability. Creating an inclusive and accessible educational environment is crucial for providing equitable opportunities for all learners. This study explores modern educational tools, policies, and practices that improve inclusivity and accessibility, assessing their effectiveness in enhancing learning outcomes by fostering diverse and interactive learning settings.
Pedagogical Beliefs as a Foundation of Teacher Cognition in English Language Teaching
This study explores the central role of pedagogical beliefs in shaping teacher cognition within English Language Teaching (ELT) by synthesizing perspectives from Borg, Calderhead, and Johnson. Findings indicate that pedagogical beliefs function as the foundation of teacher cognition, guiding teachers’ interpretations of knowledge, classroom practices, and professional decisions. Teacher thinking, as conceptualized by Calderhead, reveals that decision-making in the classroom is mediated by beliefs that filter teachers’ perceptions and shape instructional choices, even under contextual pressures. Johnson further emphasizes that teachers’ beliefs about language and its acquisition serve as the interpretive lens through which pedagogical orientations are enacted, though often negotiated against institutional demands and learner needs. Taken together, the literature highlights the dynamic interplay between belief systems, cognition, and contextual realities, underscoring the importance of reflective practice and professional development that explicitly engage with teachers’ underlying beliefs. This synthesis suggests that addressing pedagogical beliefs is critical for fostering coherence between teachers’ cognition and classroom practice, ultimately contributing to more effective and sustainable approaches in ELT.
- The era of Society 5.0 is a concept of life that emphasizes and focuses on social responsibility and improving the quality of life that is more advanced and discoveries of new innovation centers compared to the industrial revolution 4.0 which is more focused on technology. This research is a qualitative research using the literature study method. The method used is by collecting information or data through relevant books, journals or articles. Era Society 5.0 makes society a source of innovation that can solve various situations and social problems with the help of the integration of physical and virtual spaces. Era Society 5.0 in the world of education needs to increase creativity and skills by applying soft skills and hard skills using various increasingly sophisticated technologies. Because of this, students are expected to be able to think critically and be communicative in developing skills. Society 5.0 plays a big role in influencing the world of education and brings big influences and changes to schools, teachers to students. The advancement of science in the field of technology makes us ready to face changes in the world, especially in the field of education. One of these changes is Society 5.0. Society 5.0 is a human being who can solve various challenges and social problems by utilizing various innovations that were born in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 and are centered on technology. Education in the era of society 5.0 requires everyone to be more creative, innovative, productive, adaptive and also competitive. In addition, education is needed about life skills known as 4C (Creativity, Critical Thinking, Communication, Collaboration.)
THE INFLUENCE OF THE PROPORTION OF INDEPENDENT COMMISSIONERS, LEVERAGE, AND COMPANY SIZE ON TAX AVOIDANCE: PROFITABILITY AS A MODERATING VARIABLE
This study aims to examine the influence of the proportion of independent commissioners, leverage, and company size on tax avoidance, as well as the moderating role of profitability. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from the annual financial reports of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2020–2024. The population of this study consists of 284 companies. Using a purposive sampling technique, 103 companies were selected as the sample. The analytical methods employed Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the assistance of SPSS version 25. The results indicate that, partially, leverage has a positive and significant effect on tax avoidance. In contrast, the proportion of independent commissioners and company size do not have a significant effect on tax avoidance. The Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) results show that profitability significantly and negatively moderates the effect of Company Size on tax avoidance. However, profitability does not moderate the relationship between the proportion of independent commissioners and leverage on tax avoidance.
ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION OF RELIGIOUS CHARACTER VALUES OF 5TH GRADE STUDENTS THROUGH DHUHA PRAYER RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES AT SDN 1 TAWING TULUNGAGUNG
The background of this study is based on the importance of religious character education since elementary school age, especially in the context of implementing worship in the school environment. This study aims to analyze the formation of religious character values of grade V students through dhuha prayer religious activities at SDN 1 Tawing, Tulungagung. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects were three fifth grade students who showed strong, inconsistent and inconsistent religious character attitudes selected based on variations in their religious character. The results showed that dhuha prayer activities carried out routinely were able to form religious character values such as sincerity, discipline, responsibility, cleanliness, courtesy, and helpfulness. Students who participate in this activity consciously and consistently show better character development than students who still perform worship involuntarily or do not understand the meaning of worship deeply. In addition, supporting factors for this activity include the availability of adequate facilities and support from teachers. The inhibiting factors include the lack of internal awareness of students, the influence of the environment outside the school, and the lack of assistance in understanding the movements and meaning of prayer. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that the dhuha prayer activity has a significant contribution to the formation of students' religious character. Therefore, the habituation of worship needs to be developed in a structured manner and supported by the active role of teachers and a conducive school environment.
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA BASED ON CONSTRUCT 2 IN THE SUBJECT OF TELECOMMUNICATION ACCESS NETWORK TECHNIQUES AT SMKN 1 REJOTANGAN
This study aims to develop interactive learning media based on Construct 2 for the subject of Telecommunication Access Network Engineering at SMKN 1 Rejotangan. The development addresses the limitations of conventional media in delivering abstract concepts, especially regarding fiber optic transmission. The research follows the ADDIE model: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Validation results showed scores of 91% from media expert 1 (very good), 82% from media expert 2 (good), and 80% from a material expert (good). Trials on small groups scored 86%, and large groups scored 91% (both very good). The average achievement rate was 89%, classified as very good. These findings indicate the media is feasible and effective to enhance a more engaging, interactive, and efficient learning process.
Empowering Society 5.0 Through Technology-Based Mathematics Education: Innovative Strategies For Social Transformation And Adaptive Learning
The advancement of digital technology has entered the era of Society 5.0, a concept that places humans at the center while utilizing technology to improve quality of life. In the field of education, particularly mathematics, Society 5.0 presents both opportunities and challenges. Mathematics education plays a crucial role not only in teaching computational skills but also in fostering critical, analytical, and adaptive thinking. However, conventional teaching methods often fail to enhance students’ interest and engagement. This study employs a literature review with a qualitative-descriptive approach, drawing data from international journals, books, and research reports related to Society 5.0, educational technology, and adaptive mathematics learning. The findings reveal that the integration of technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Learning Management Systems (LMS), and digital mathematics applications enriches the learning process by providing interactive, contextual, and personalized experiences. These innovations not only improve numerical and digital literacy but also strengthen critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and nurture a generation that is humanistic and adaptive. Furthermore, social transformation emerges through increased awareness of the importance of mathematical literacy in everyday life. Recommended strategies include technology-based curriculum development, teacher training in digital tools, cross-institutional collaboration, and the implementation of blended and adaptive learning systems. Therefore, technology-based mathematics education significantly contributes to building a competitive society that is prepared to face global challenges in the era of big data and Society 5.0.
SMART EDUCATION FOR SOCIETY 5.0: INTEGRATING CIVIC, LEGAL, AND SOCIAL STUDIES TO BUILD TAX CONSCIOUS CITIZENS
Education is not only about transferring knowledge, but also about shaping responsible, law-abiding, and socially conscious citizens. Within the framework of Smart Education for Society 5.0, tax education becomes an essential element of civic responsibility that should be introduced from an early age. Taxation is not merely an economic instrument, but also a symbol of civic participation and legal compliance that sustains the state. This study employs a qualitative literature review, drawing upon academic journals, policy documents, and previous research in the fields of civic, legal, and social studies. The analysis explores the integration of tax literacy into Smart Education by identifying approaches, strategies, and challenges in fostering tax-conscious citizens. Findings indicate that Civic Education positions taxation as an expression of citizens’ rights and obligations in a democratic society; Legal Studies present it as a constitutional obligation rooted in the rule of law; while Social Studies contextualize taxation within socio-economic structures, showing its role in financing public services, infrastructure, and equity. To make tax education more meaningful, smart education strategies such as contextual learning, classroom simulations, gamification, and project-based learning are essential. These methods not only simplify complex tax concepts but also enhance student engagement, critical thinking, and social responsibility. The study concludes that tax education, when integrated into Civic, Legal, and Social Studies through smart education strategies, plays a transformative role in preparing tax-literate, responsible, and participatory citizens. This novelty lies in reframing tax education beyond economics into civic responsibility, contributing to the realization of a sustainable Smart Society.
LOCAL WISDOM AND CIVIC CULTURE IN SOCIETY 5.0 : ETHICAL AND CULTURAL SHIFTS FOR SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION
The transformation toward Society 5.0 brings both opportunities and challenges, particularly regarding ethical dilemmas and cultural shifts. While technology enhances efficiency and global connectivity, it also risks weakening cultural identity and civic values. This paper emphasizes the novelty of integrating local wisdom and civic culture as a framework to balance technological progress with ethical and cultural sustainability. This study applies a qualitative-descriptive approach through a literature-based review. Scholarly works on Society 5.0, digital ethics, local wisdom, and citizenship education are analyzed to construct a conceptual framework for understanding ethical and cultural transformations. The findings reveal that local wisdom reinforces community resilience and provides moral guidance, while civic culture strengthens democratic participation, responsibility, and social cohesion. Their integration offers a conceptual model for redefining citizenship in the digital era, ensuring that ethical and cultural dimensions remain central in social transformation. Society 5.0 should not only be viewed as a technological revolution but also as an ethical and cultural reconstruction. Embedding local wisdom and civic culture ensures inclusivity, justice, and sustainability, enabling citizens to remain globally connected yet firmly rooted in local values.
Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Indonesian Language Learning in the Era of Society 5.0: A Literature Review
- The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents new opportunities and challenges for education, particularly in Indonesian language learning. This study aims to explore the integration of AI in Indonesian language learning within the framework of Society 5.0, emphasizing its potential to create smart and personalized education. This research employs a qualitative literature study by analyzing national and international articles published between 2018 and 2024. Sources were reviewed thematically to identify the forms of AI integration, its benefits, challenges, and implications for Indonesian language learning. Findings indicate that AI supports personalized learning through instant feedback, automated assessment, and adaptive pathways that enhance student engagement and literacy. Tools such as Grammarly and chatbots improve writing and comprehension skills while aligning with constructivist learning principles and the TPACK framework. However, challenges remain, including infrastructure limitations, unequal digital access, ethical concerns, and teacher readiness to utilize AI-based learning. The study concludes that AI holds significant potential to transform Indonesian language learning into a smart and personalized education system. The novelty of this research lies in its specific focus on integrating AI into Indonesian language education, a field that has not been widely explored. These findings contribute new insights for educators, researchers, and policymakers in designing adaptive and innovative learning strategies for the era of Society 5.0.
The Effect Of PPKn Learning On Students’ Responsibility Attitudes At SMPN 6 Trenggalek
This study aims to analyze the effect of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) on students’ sense of responsibility at SMPN 6 Trenggalek. PPKn, as a subject that integrates civic values, ethics, morals, and national norms, is expected to foster students’ character, particularly responsibility. Responsibility is considered a crucial trait that supports both academic achievement and social readiness. This research employed a quantitative method with a survey approach using questionnaires distributed to eighth-grade students. Data were analyzed through statistical tests to examine the relationship between PPKn learning and students’ responsibility. The findings reveal that PPKn learning does not significantly influence students’ sense of responsibility, as indicated by the correlation coefficient of 0.297, which falls within the weak category. This suggests that while PPKn delivers moral and civic knowledge, its role in shaping responsibility among students has not been fully effective. The study concludes that PPKn at SMPN 6 Trenggalek has yet to provide a meaningful contribution to the development of students’ responsibility. Consequently, it is recommended that PPKn teachers adopt more innovative and participatory teaching strategies to encourage greater student involvement. By doing so, students are expected not only to understand civic concepts but also to internalize and practice these values in their daily lives. Such improvements may enhance the role of PPKn as a subject designed to build students’ character and strengthen national identity.
The Influence Of Digital Literacy and Learning Styles On The Critical Thinking Skills Of 10th Grade Students At Vocational High School 2 Tulungagung
In today's digital age, critical thinking skills are essential, especially for students. This study was conducted at SMKN 2 Tulungagung using a quantitative research method with a sample of 260 randomly selected 10th grade students. Data was obtained using a questionnaire. The data obtained will be analyzed using Simple Linear Regression and Multiple Linear Regression methods. Data analysis includes: 1) Normality test, 2) Linearity test, 3) Multicollinearity test, 4) Heteroskedasticity test. Hypothesis testing is conducted partially (t-test) and simultaneously (F-test). The results of the hypothesis testing show that there is a partial influence of digital literacy on students' critical thinking skills at SMKN 2 Tulungagung with a significance value of 0.000, which is less than 0.05, and there is a partial influence of learning style on students' critical thinking skills at SMKN 2 Tulungagung with a significance value of 0.034, which is less than 0.05. The hypothesis testing results also show that there is a simultaneous influence of digital literacy and learning style on students' critical thinking skills at SMKN 2 Tulungagung, with a significanc
A Project-Based Learning Approach: Validating an Instructional Supplement for Phys-Fluids
This study addresses the scarcity of pedagogically robust and interactive digital materials by developing an innovative e-module for Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) in Grade V elementary school, which is based on a Project-Based Learning (PBL) approach. Using a Research and Development (R&D) design with a modified ADDIE model, the e-module underwent validation by three experts in subject matter (90.97%), media (87.12%), and language (88.89%), confirming its high validity. A limited-scale readability test with 25 students further demonstrated its effectiveness, with a "very good" score of 93.15%. These results confirm the e-module is accurate, well-organized, visually engaging, and effective in promoting independent, deep learning through integrated interactive elements like videos, quizzes, and exploratory tasks. However, the study’s limitation to a single school constrains the generalizability of these findings. Future research should therefore focus on testing the e-module's effectiveness in broader contexts and exploring the integration of adaptive technologies to enhance its personalization and sustainability.
The Readability of a Project-Based Learning E-Module in Natural and Social Sciences for Grade 5 Students
Ethnopedagogy and Local Wisdom of Cireundeu Village: Social Transformation Strategies in the Society 5.0
This research aims to examine the role of ethnopedagogy in maintaining, developing, and transforming the local wisdom of Cireundeu Traditional Villages in the midst of the challenges of the Society 5.0 era. Cireundeu Village, which is famous for its food independence through the tradition of consuming cassava as a substitute for rice, realizes cultural practices that are rich in local wisdom, food security, and environmental sustainability. A qualitative approach was used in this study, utilizing case study methods involving observation, in-depth interviews, and literature reviews related to the topic. The results of the survey show that ethnopedagogy in Cireundeu Village not only functions as a means of cultural preservation but also as a local value-based educational strategy that is relevant to the principles of Society 5.0, namely the balance between technology, people, and the environment. The social transformation that has occurred shows the ability of society to adapt to modernity without sacrificing its cultural identity. Thus, the local wisdom of Cireundeu Village has the potential to become an ethnopedagogical learning model that can integrate traditional values with the challenges of the digital era, while strengthening the character of an independent, inclusive, and sustainable community.
The Impact of the Problem-Based Learning Model on Students’ Higher Order Thinking Skills in Social Studies: A Study at MTs Negeri 3 Garut
In the 21st century, education must not only emphasize content mastery but also foster Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and digital literacy, which are essential for preparing students to face global challenges. In Indonesia, Social Studies (IPS) is a strategic subject for developing these competencies due to its strong relation to real-life issues. However, classroom practices often remain teacher-centered, limiting opportunities for critical, evaluative, and creative thinking. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) offers an alternative approach by engaging students in authentic problem solving. Through PBL, learners are encouraged to think critically and creatively, collaborate, and integrate information from multiple sources, including digital media. This study aimed to examine the effect of the PBL model on students’ HOTS in Social Studies at MTs Negeri 3 Garut, West Java. Using a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, data were collected through observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. Results showed that PBL had a positive and significant effect on HOTS, indicated by a Pearson correlation of 0.409 (positive), significance level of 0.015, and R Square of 0.167. The experimental class demonstrated a greater improvement, with average HOTS scores increasing from 107.94 (pretest) to 121.03 (posttest), while the control class rose only from 111.46 to 113.49. In conclusion, the PBL model significantly enhances students’ HOTS and is effective for fostering higher-level thinking skills in Social Studies learning.
A TOGAF-Based Approach to Developing an Enterprise Architecture Design for Majelis Teater Selangor, Malaysia
The need for Information Technology to support an organization's business processes must be clearly defined so that development targets can be aligned with the organization's needs and capabilities. The Selangor Theatre Council (MTS) Malaysia is an organization that coordinates theater arts in Selangor, Malaysia, which has 12 theater branches. To facilitate organizational promotion, activity promotion, and good data integration, technology utilization is required. This study uses the Design Science Research (DSR) method with stages of identifying problems and objectives, developing design, presenting results and evaluating, and the TOGAF Framework for designing Enterprise Architecture Design. The results of this study are in the form of enterprise architecture design recommendations. At the problem identification stage, data on the need for information technology utilization in each business process was obtained by 74% through a questionnaire survey. At the design development stage, resulting in an Architecture Vision, a formulated strategy identification is carried out so that the vision, mission and objectives of the organization can be achieved by analyzing internal and external conditions and the Value Chain strategic grid. Business architecture design is carried out by mapping the ongoing business processes with the development plan and the readiness of existing resources in MTS so that GAPs will be found. Data/information architecture design maps information needs in each business process. Application architecture design maps application development needs and technology architecture design maps the needs of the technology used. In the final stage, the design results are presented using the results presentation technique and filling out a questionnaire for compliance with the results of 89%.
Sherley Rhamadhani Putri Annisa Priyandini
Implementation of PBL-Based E-Worksheets to Enhance Students’ Mathematical Representation
This study aims to improve students' mathematical representation skills in work and energy by applying PBL-based E-LKPD. This study used a one group pretest posttest design involving 32 students of class XI-D SMAN 1 Nglames. The research instruments included a student response questionnaire and a pretest-posttest sheet. The results of this study indicate that students responded positively to the application of PBL-based E-LKPD with a percentage of 84.84% in the excellent category. The average pretest and posttest scores for mathematical representation were 40.31% and 76.25%, with an N-Gain percentage for mathematical representation skills in the moderate category of 0.575. The results of this study indicate that the application of PBL-based E-LKPD can improve students' mathematical representation skills in the subject of work and energy.
Implementation of Bagong Trenggalek Dam E-Comic Animation with Local Wisdom to Improve Cultural Literacy of Third Grade Elementary School Students
Cultural literacy levels in Indonesia are still relatively low, as evidenced by OECD PISA data (2022) which ranks Indonesia 69th out of 81 countries, with only 25.46% of students achieving the minimum standard for reading literacy. This situation has led to a decline in young people's awareness and appreciation of local culture, including traditions in regions such as Trenggalek. Learning in elementary schools still tends to use conventional media that lacks context, making it difficult for students to deeply understand cultural meanings. This study aims to analyze the effect of using Dam Bagong e-comic animations based on local wisdom on the cultural literacy of third-grade elementary school students in Trenggalek District. The method used was a quasi-experimental design with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design model, involving two groups: SDN 2 Ngares as the experimental group and SDN 1 Ngares as the control group, each with 15 students. The research instrument was a cultural literacy test validated by experts and tested for reliability (Cronbach Alpha 0.724). The results showed that before the treatment, both groups had relatively equal initial abilities. After the intervention, the average cultural literacy score of the experimental class increased higher (49.15) than that of the control class (45.77). The independent sample t-test yielded a sig. value of 0.034, indicating a significant difference between the two groups. These findings prove that the integration of local wisdom through interactive digital media such as animated e-comics not only improves students' cultural understanding but also fosters a love for national identity. Thus, this media can be an innovative solution in the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum to shape Pancasila Student Profiles that are characterful and rooted in local culture
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION: IMPACTS, CHALLENGES, AND ORGANIZATIONAL ADAPTATION STRATEGIES IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY ERA
Digital transformation has become a key catalyst for organizational change in the era of the digital economy. This study aims to systematically examine the impacts, challenges, adaptation strategies, and implementation of digital transformation across several strategic sectors. The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, guided by the PRISMA 2020 framework. Relevant literature was collected from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, covering the publication period 2014–2024. From an initial pool of 1,245 documents, after deduplication, screening, and full-text assessment, 34 core studies were identified and analyzed using thematic coding and narrative-descriptive synthesis. The findings reveal that digital transformation delivers positive outcomes in the form of enhanced operational efficiency, accelerated innovation, and cultural shifts toward more adaptive organizational models. However, digitalization also presents significant challenges, including data security and privacy risks, digital divides, and workforce disruption due to automation. Relevant adaptation strategies include strengthening digital literacy, adopting data-driven business models, developing digital leadership, and fostering multi-sector collaboration. Case studies in the banking, e-commerce, education, and healthcare sectors highlight distinct patterns and challenges of implementation, yet collectively indicate that digitalization supports the creation of more inclusive, efficient, and high-quality services. In conclusion, digital transformation is not merely a temporary trend but a strategic agenda that shapes organizational competitiveness and sustainability, while offering Indonesia the opportunity to strengthen its position in the global digital economy.
IMPROVING PERFORMANCE EFFECTIVENESS OF SMALL TOWN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT PROGRAMS IN INDONESIA USING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE, TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, AND ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT
The purpose of this research is to try to solve the problems of the per-formance of study programs in private universities in the region which are getting worse than the state universities. The object of this research is department programs of private university in Ex-Residency of Kediri , East Java Indonesia.. Research method of this study used qualitative method within questionnaire opened. The sampling technique used is population sampling with 186 respond-ent, and both of all is a head of academic department in private university. The results of this research is the response of the head of the study program about various efforts to improve the effectiveness of the study program's use of com-petitive advantage, transformational leadership and organizational commitment, from the answer on questionnaires with open questions. Future research is ex-pected to be able to measure definitively the large increase in the effectiveness of these performance; and a model that is truly feasible is possible to increase the effectiveness of the performance of study programs at private universities in regional areas in Indonesia; both using variables that have been studied in this study and / or other variables that are interrelated; such as knowledge manage-ment, lecture competence, and lecture satisfaction.
Teacher Noticing As A Catalyst For Students' Mathematical Thinking: A Perspective From Educational Literature
Teacher noticing is a professional competence that encompasses the ability to attend to, interpret, and respond to students’ thinking during the learning process. In the context of mathematics education, this study positions teacher noticing not merely as a passive observational tool, but as a catalyst that can drive the transformation of students’ mathematical thinking. The purpose of this article is to systematically review the literature on the relationship between teacher noticing and students’ mathematical thinking, in order to reveal the active role of noticing in enhancing the quality of learning. The methodology employed is a systematic literature review of 25 national and international scholarly articles published between 2008 and 2023. The findings indicate that teacher noticing contributes significantly to strengthening cognitive interactions in the classroom, developing instructional strategies based on students’ thinking, and fostering higher-order thinking skills. Thus, teacher noticing has the potential to serve as a catalyst for pedagogical change in mathematics education, particularly in relation to students’ mathematical thinking. This study recommends integrating teacher noticing into teacher education programs as well as expanding further research within the local Indonesian context.
ARTIFICIAL INTELEGENCE & MULTIPLE INTELEGENCE REDESIGNING PERSONALIZED LEARNING IN THE ERA SOCIETY 5.0
Educational transformation in the Society 5.0 era demands the integration of digital technology with a more humanistic and adaptive learning approach. One of the main challenges is how to accommodate the diversity of student potential according to the theory of Multiple Intelligences (MI), which in manual practice is often hampered by time constraints, the number of students, and the subjectivity of teacher assessments. This study aims to formulate a conceptual framework for the integration of MI with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to support personalized learning and strengthen 21st-century competencies (6Cs). This study uses a systematic literature review approach to relevant international publications (2019–2025), with additional classical literature as a theoretical foundation. A total of 47 selected sources were analyzed and synthesized thematically. The study results produce a conceptual framework consisting of the following flow: learning data input → AI analysis → MI mapping → adaptive learning strategies → 6Cs reinforcement. Examples of potential implementation are demonstrated through the use of AI in providing automated feedback, adaptive questions, VR/AR simulations, self-reflection, and collaborative projects based on global issues. This study concludes that AI–MI integration has the potential to increase assessment objectivity, strengthen personalization, and accelerate learning feedback. Theoretically, this research contributes to the development of the AI–MI conceptual model, while practically it provides a reference for teachers and policymakers to design inclusive and adaptive learning. However, because it is still conceptual, further research is needed to test the effectiveness of this framework through an empirical approach in schools
INTEGRATION OF HUMANISTIC VALUES IN DIGITAL EDUCATION IN THE SOCIETY ERA 5.0
This research aims to explore the integration of humanistic values within digital education in the Society 5.0 era, a developmental phase that emphasizes the balance between technological advancement and human-centered orientation. The growing digitalization of education, while offering broader access and efficiency, raises critical issues such as potential dehumanization and the weakening of empathetic relationships between educators and learners. The approach in this study uses literature studies, namely systematically elaborating various concepts about integration of humanistic values in digital education or This research examines literature and theories related to integration of humanistic values in digital education. Systematic searches were conducted on scholarly articles, education policy documents, and international academic publications from 2018–2025. Data were analyzed thematically to identify recurring patterns and categories related to embedding humanistic values in digital learning environments. The findings indicate three essential aspects. First, dialogical and empathetic interactions in online learning must be preserved to prevent student social isolation. Second, equitable access and critical digital literacy are urgent principles to reduce digital divides across regions and social groups. Third, advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality hold potential as human-centered learning tools if developed within ethical and collaborative frameworks. These results confirm that humanistic values are foundational to ensuring digital education remains transformative and inclusive. The integration of humanistic values in digital education during the Society 5.0 era has significant implications for digital pedagogy, policy development grounded in digital ethics, and the design of meaningful learning practices. Future studies are recommended to test concrete models of humanistic integration across diverse cultural and social contexts.
MORNING LITERACY HABITUATION AS AN EFFORT OF EDUCATIONAL TRANSFORMATION BASED ON HUMANISTIC VALUES IN THE ERA OF SOCIETY 5.0
The low interest in reading and limited digital literacy among Indonesian students remain major challenges in preparing adaptive human resources for the Society 5.0 era. Data from the 2022 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) show that Indonesia’s reading literacy score reached only 359 points, far below the OECD average, thus emphasizing the urgent need for innovative strategies in fostering a literacy culture. One such effort is the implementation of a morning literacy program in schools as a means of cultivating reading habits from an early age. This study employs a qualitative approach with a literature review method, examining academic journals, research reports, and official documents relevant to literacy, 21st-century skills, and Society 5.0. The findings reveal that morning literacy contributes not only to increasing students’ reading interest but also to the development of critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and digital competence. Moreover, the program serves as a medium for internalizing humanistic values such as empathy, responsibility, and discipline, which are crucial in addressing the dynamics of the digital era. This study highlights the novelty of positioning morning literacy not merely as a routine activity, but as a transformative educational practice that integrates local wisdom with global demands. Therefore, morning literacy habituation can be regarded as a key strategy to prepare a young generation that is humanistic, adaptive, and competitive in facing the ethical and cultural challenges of Society 5.0.
Toward Greener Mobility: Comparing Environmental Footprint of Electric and Conventional Vehicles
This study applies a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) framework to compare the environmental footprint of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs) across production, use, and end-of-life phases. Results indicate that while BEVs generate higher emissions during manufacturing, particularly from battery production, their operational phase offers significant reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions compared to ICEVs. The environmental advantage of BEVs is strongly influenced by the regional electricity mix; grids with higher shares of renewable energy amplify their benefits, whereas coal-dependent grids diminish them. Sensitivity analysis highlights the importance of vehicle lifetime, charging efficiency, and recycling strategies in shaping life-cycle outcomes. Overall, BEVs demonstrate a net advantage in most scenarios, though achieving true environmental sustainability requires parallel efforts in energy system decarbonization, battery recycling, and circular economy practices.