The Readability of a Project-Based Learning E-Module in Natural and Social Sciences for Grade 5 Students

Abstract

This study addresses the scarcity of pedagogically robust and interactive digital materials by developing an innovative e-module for Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) in Grade V elementary school, which is based on a Project-Based Learning (PBL) approach. Using a Research and Development (R&D) design with a modified ADDIE model, the e-module underwent validation by three experts in subject matter (90.97%), media (87.12%), and language (88.89%), confirming its high validity. A limited-scale readability test with 25 students further demonstrated its effectiveness, with a "very good" score of 93.15%. These results confirm the e-module is accurate, well-organized, visually engaging, and effective in promoting independent, deep learning through integrated interactive elements like videos, quizzes, and exploratory tasks. However, the study’s limitation to a single school constrains the generalizability of these findings. Future research should therefore focus on testing the e-module's effectiveness in broader contexts and exploring the integration of adaptive technologies to enhance its personalization and sustainability.